The relationship between human sperm fertilizing capacity and histocompatibility linked antigen (HLA) alleles gene sequences.

Heterodimer membrane glycoproteins expressed from hypervariable genes located in the histocompatibility linked antigen (HLA) class II genes on chromosome 6 have been shown to induce activation of lymphocytes and are involved in human sperm binding processes. The objective was to identify an association between HLA-DQA1, -DRB1 or -DPB1 genes and sperm kinematic parameters and sperm penetration of oocytes. The results showed reduced sperm hyperactivation and decreased sperm penetration of zona-free oocytes when the HLA-DRB1 allele was present. The reduced hyperactive motility was not attributed to alterations in sperm kinematic parameters. In contrast, the HLA-DPB1 gene only affected sperm count, linearity of movement and sperm head dimensions. HLA-DQA1 had no effect on the sperm parameters. The data suggest a link between HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 genes and sperm concentration, sperm movement characteristics and fertilizing capacity.