OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of: a) surgical trauma, b) crystalloid resuscitation, and c) different durations of hypotension on cellular immunity after hemorrhagic shock. DESIGN: Prospective, multiexperimental, randomized, controlled studies. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Inbred C3H/HeN (endotoxin-sensitive) mice, aged 6 to 7 wks, weighing 18 to 23 g. INTERVENTIONS: Crystalloid resuscitation, with and without blood, after hemorrhage. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mice which did or did not undergo laparotomy were subjected to hypotension of 35 mm Hg for 60 or 90 mins. Crystalloid resuscitation with and without blood was then provided. Animals were killed at 2 hrs after hemorrhage and cytokine concentrations in supernatants of splenocytes, splenic macrophages, and serum were assessed by bioassays. The cellular release of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor, and the splenocyte proliferative capacity were significantly and similarly depressed in all groups. Conversely, circulating IL-6 concentrations were significantly increased in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cellular immunity was depressed at 2 hrs after simple hemorrhage and no further depression occurred if hemorrhage was coupled with trauma, pure crystalloid resuscitation was provided, or the shock period was prolonged. Thus, the early immunodepression after hemorrhage was mainly dependent on the severity rather than the duration of shock, resuscitation regimen, or tissue trauma.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of: a) surgical trauma, b) crystalloid resuscitation, and c) different durations of hypotension on cellular immunity after hemorrhagic shock. DESIGN: Prospective, multiexperimental, randomized, controlled studies. SETTING: University research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Inbred C3H/HeN (endotoxin-sensitive) mice, aged 6 to 7 wks, weighing 18 to 23 g. INTERVENTIONS: Crystalloid resuscitation, with and without blood, after hemorrhage. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Mice which did or did not undergo laparotomy were subjected to hypotension of 35 mm Hg for 60 or 90 mins. Crystalloid resuscitation with and without blood was then provided. Animals were killed at 2 hrs after hemorrhage and cytokine concentrations in supernatants of splenocytes, splenic macrophages, and serum were assessed by bioassays. The cellular release of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3, IL-6, tumornecrosis factor, and the splenocyte proliferative capacity were significantly and similarly depressed in all groups. Conversely, circulating IL-6 concentrations were significantly increased in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cellular immunity was depressed at 2 hrs after simple hemorrhage and no further depression occurred if hemorrhage was coupled with trauma, pure crystalloid resuscitation was provided, or the shock period was prolonged. Thus, the early immunodepression after hemorrhage was mainly dependent on the severity rather than the duration of shock, resuscitation regimen, or tissue trauma.
Authors: Marc Leone; Stéphane Delliaux; Aurélie Bourgoin; Jacques Albanèse; Franck Garnier; Ioana Boyadjiev; Francois Antonini; Claude Martin Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2004-12-02 Impact factor: 17.440
Authors: C Wenisch; B Parschalk; A Weiss; K Zedwitz-Liebenstein; B Hahsler; H Wenisch; A Georgopoulos; W Graninger Journal: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol Date: 1996-07
Authors: Jose Paul Perales Villarroel; Yuxia Guan; Evan Werlin; Mary A Selak; Lance B Becker; Carrie A Sims Journal: J Trauma Acute Care Surg Date: 2013-07 Impact factor: 3.313
Authors: Joachim Boldt; Michael Ducke; Bernhard Kumle; Michael Papsdorf; Ernst-Ludwig Zurmeyer Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2004-01-08 Impact factor: 17.440