Recurrent renal thrombotic angiopathy after kidney transplantation in two patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS).

Renal artery and venous thrombosis and thrombotic microangiopathy have been related to PAPS. This condition may lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We present 2 patients with PAPS and ESRD who received a living unrelated kidney transplant. Despite intensive anticoagulant therapy, the disease recurred in the grafts.