Evaluation of cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth in the pediatric transplant patient.

The prevalence of gingival overgrowth secondary to the administration of cyclosporin (CS) is currently reported between 8 and 70%, depending upon the source. Information concerning pediatric patients is limited. To determine the prevalence of the condition in a population of children, 26 pediatric liver or kidney transplant recipients were evaluated for the presence of overgrowth related to CS administration. Twenty-two (84.6%) exhibited gingival overgrowth. Chi-square analysis revealed no relationship between the occurrence or severity of overgrowth and transplant type, gender, age at transplant, length of time on CS, concurrent medications, or any local oral factor examined (P < 0.05). A statistically significant association (P = 0.03) was found between increased oral debris and the occurrence of gingival overgrowth; however, this was not thought to be a causative relationship. Nifedipine, a known cause of gingival overgrowth, was taken by half of the patients, but was not found to statistically influence the occurrence or severity of gingival overgrowth. Cyclosporin blood levels were evaluated over time and found to be variable, not only between patients but also for individuals. No relationship was evident between the blood level and the presence or severity of overgrowth.