OBJECTIVE: To establish the risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteriuria in a nursing home population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS: A case-control study was conducted in a 360-bed skilled-care nursing facility in the northeastern United States that was experiencing an outbreak of MRSA. Fifteen residents were identified as having had MRSA isolated from their urine over an 18-month period and were compared with 40 controls who were randomly selected from all nursing facility residents. RESULTS: In bivariate analysis, MRSA bacteriuria was associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter (odds ratio [OR], 36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0 to 184.2), antibiotic use in the prior 6 months (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.5), and impaired physical function (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 26.6). Urinary catheter use and antibiotic use remained significantly associated with MRSA bacteriuria even when controlling for impaired physical function. CONCLUSIONS: Methicillin-resistant S aureus is being isolated with increasing frequency in nursing homes, and MRSA bacteriuria may prove to be an important reservoir for the spread of organisms in long-term-care settings. Conservative use of indwelling urinary catheters and of broad-spectrum antibiotics should be investigated as potential control measures to reduce the spread of MRSA in nursing homes.
OBJECTIVE: To establish the risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteriuria in a nursing home population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS: A case-control study was conducted in a 360-bed skilled-care nursing facility in the northeastern United States that was experiencing an outbreak of MRSA. Fifteen residents were identified as having had MRSA isolated from their urine over an 18-month period and were compared with 40 controls who were randomly selected from all nursing facility residents. RESULTS: In bivariate analysis, MRSA bacteriuria was associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter (odds ratio [OR], 36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0 to 184.2), antibiotic use in the prior 6 months (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.5), and impaired physical function (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 26.6). Urinary catheter use and antibiotic use remained significantly associated with MRSA bacteriuria even when controlling for impaired physical function. CONCLUSIONS: Methicillin-resistant S aureus is being isolated with increasing frequency in nursing homes, and MRSA bacteriuria may prove to be an important reservoir for the spread of organisms in long-term-care settings. Conservative use of indwelling urinary catheters and of broad-spectrum antibiotics should be investigated as potential control measures to reduce the spread of MRSA in nursing homes.
Authors: Steven Y C Tong; Joshua S Davis; Emily Eichenberger; Thomas L Holland; Vance G Fowler Journal: Clin Microbiol Rev Date: 2015-07 Impact factor: 26.132