Patch culturing and transfer of human fetal retinal epithelium.

Human retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) can be cultured by removing small patches of this layer from the choroid of the fetal eye. Such RPE patches give rise to healthy, epithelioid monolayers in vitro within 1-2 weeks without contamination from retinal or choroidal cells. The viability and proliferative capacity of these cultures is independent of the initial polarity of the patch. These RPE monolayers develop apical/basal polarity and a basal lamina and rest on a field of collagen fibers; they are capable of phagocytizing outer segments. A patch can be lifted off a confluent monolayer and transferred to another culture dish without risking the viability of either the old or the new culture. This provides a means of transplanting an organized, polarized patch of human RPE from one place to another.