National HIV surveillance--South Africa, 1990-1992.

The findings of three annual surveys of women attending antenatal clinics (at the end of 1990, 1991 and 1992) are presented here. These surveys form part of the National HIV Surveillance Programme. This programme is probably the most useful means of monitoring the trend and distribution of the epidemic. In all strata, a consistent rise in the HIV prevalence rate was found; it doubled almost every 12 months. The point prevalence rate in antenatal clinic attenders in South Africa increased from 0.76% in 1990 to 1.49% in 1991 and 2.69% in 1992. The prevalence rate was found to vary widely geographically: Natal/KwaZulu formed the spearhead of the epidemic with a 4.77% rate of HIV infection in 1992. Venda and the Cape appeared to be the least affected with rates of 0.64% and 0.66% respectively.