OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. DESIGN: Population-based case-control study. SETTING: Communities and institutions in 10 Canadian provinces. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred fifty-eight cases clinically diagnosed with probable AD, with onset of symptoms within 3 years of diagnosis, and 535 controls, frequency matched on age group, study center, and residence in community or institution, clinically confirmed to be cognitively normal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression for previously hypothesized and potential risk factors for AD. RESULTS: The OR for family history of dementia was significantly elevated (2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53 to 4.51) and increased with the number of relatives with dementia. Those with less education were at higher risk of AD, with an OR of 4.00 (95% CI, 2.49 to 6.43) for those with 0 to 6 years, in comparison with those with 10 or more years. Head injury achieved borderline significance. A history of arthritis resulted in a low risk of AD (OR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.81), as did a history of use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Initial analyses showed an increased risk of AD for occupational exposure to glues as well as to pesticides and fertilizers; the increased risk was greater in those with less education. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed a number of previously reported risk factors for AD, but provided little support for others. A new finding was an increased risk for those with occupational exposure to glues as well as pesticides and fertilizers, but this needs further study.
OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. DESIGN: Population-based case-control study. SETTING: Communities and institutions in 10 Canadian provinces. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred fifty-eight cases clinically diagnosed with probable AD, with onset of symptoms within 3 years of diagnosis, and 535 controls, frequency matched on age group, study center, and residence in community or institution, clinically confirmed to be cognitively normal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression for previously hypothesized and potential risk factors for AD. RESULTS: The OR for family history of dementia was significantly elevated (2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53 to 4.51) and increased with the number of relatives with dementia. Those with less education were at higher risk of AD, with an OR of 4.00 (95% CI, 2.49 to 6.43) for those with 0 to 6 years, in comparison with those with 10 or more years. Head injury achieved borderline significance. A history of arthritis resulted in a low risk of AD (OR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.81), as did a history of use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Initial analyses showed an increased risk of AD for occupational exposure to glues as well as to pesticides and fertilizers; the increased risk was greater in those with less education. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed a number of previously reported risk factors for AD, but provided little support for others. A new finding was an increased risk for those with occupational exposure to glues as well as pesticides and fertilizers, but this needs further study.
Authors: K M Hayden; M C Norton; D Darcey; T Ostbye; P P Zandi; J C S Breitner; K A Welsh-Bohmer Journal: Neurology Date: 2010-05-11 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Pao-Feng Tsai; Jason Y Chang; Cornelia Beck; Yong-Fang Kuo; Francis J Keefe; Karl Rosengren Journal: Complement Ther Med Date: 2015-06-09 Impact factor: 2.446
Authors: Susan Spear Bassett; David M Yousem; Catherine Cristinzio; Ivana Kusevic; Michael A Yassa; Brian S Caffo; Scott L Zeger Journal: Brain Date: 2006-05 Impact factor: 13.501