Inhibition of adenosine-induced coronary vasodilation by block of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (large-conductance KCa) channels to adenosine (Ado)- and nitroprusside-mediated relaxation in small coronary arteries. Canine subepicardial arteries (170 +/- 23 microns at 120 mmHg) were studied as in vitro pressurized vessels. Pressure-diameter experiments showed myogenic tone over a physiological range of pressures. Tone was increased with the thromboxane A2 analogue 9,11-dideoxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-epoxy-methanoprostaglandin F2 alpha (U-46619). Tetraethylammonium (TEA+; 1 mM) significantly inhibited Ado-induced [and by implication, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-induced] relaxations at Ado concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 microM with maximal inhibition (61 +/- 8%) at 1 microM Ado. The large-conductance KCa-channel blocker iberiotoxin (IbTX; 0.01-0.1 microM) inhibited Ado-mediated relaxation in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition by IbTX increased with increasing vessel pressure (i.e., 45 +/- 12% at 40 mmHg and 83 +/- 20% at 120 mmHg). TEA+ had a minimal effect (8 +/- 3%) on relaxation induced by nitroprusside. Similar results were found with acetylcholine and bradykinin. These results suggest that (in dog coronary arteries with diameter < 200 microns) large-conductance KCa-channel modulation may play a major role in cAMP-mediated relaxation but is not significant in guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-mediated relaxation.