Sympathetic dysfunction mediating cardiovascular regulation in alcoholic neuropathy.

We evaluated autonomic function in alcoholic neuropathy by non-invasive hemodynamic studies using servo-plethysmo-manometry and laser Doppler flowmetry. In 16 alcoholics compared with 17 age-matched healthy controls, the extent of AP responses to phase IV of the Valsalva maneuver, cold pressor test and isometric exercise decreased significantly, indicating sympathetic hypofunction. Five patients had paradoxical depressor response to cold pressor test, which was reproducible by submersion of the hand in warm water. The data suggest involvement of the higher autonomic center. Reflex bradycardia in phase IV of the Valsalva maneuver and the variation coefficient of R-R intervals in the electrocardiogram were lower, indicating parasympathetic hypofunction. Cutaneous blood flow response in the foot upon local warming and submersion of the hand in cold water was significantly impaired, but that in the contralateral hand was not. Abnormalities in the autonomic function tests may result from a toxic effect of ethanol on the peripheral and central autonomic nervous system and the cardiovascular system. The results indicate not only parasympathetic (vagal) but sympathetic dysfunction mediating cardiovascular regulation in patients with alcoholic neuropathy.