Modulation of accessory cell function of immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

To generate cloned macrophage populations with sensitivity towards granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM phi) were immortalized by transformation with SV40. A panel of transformed clones was established. The majority of clones represented independently derived transformants, as evidenced by restriction fragment length polymorphism using genomic DNA digested with EcoRI and TaqI and the 5.2 kb SV40 DNA for hybridization analysis. The cells belong to the macrophage lineage according to several criteria, e.g. the presence of nonspecific esterase, their phagocytic capacity and their morphology. Many clones were potent antigen-presenting cells (APC), without exogenous stimulation. Two clones, which did not act efficiently as APC when used untreated, were positively responsive to GM-CSF. GM-CSF stimulation of both clones resulted in potent APC capacity. I-A alpha, I-A beta and gamma chain-specific transcripts were observed upon stimulation with GM-CSF, corresponding to detectable levels of class II surface display as revealed by cytofluorometric analysis. Thus the macrophage clones established will allow dissection of the differential effects of GM-CSF on the parameters of antigen presentation.