The cellular localization of malonyl-coenzyme A decarboxylase in rat brain.

Malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) decarboxylase (E.C.4.1.1.9) activity in brain is low but steadily increases after birth. The main physiological role of this mitochondrial enzyme is thought to be the stabilization of malonyl-CoA levels which change very little with brain growth. In an effort to visualize malonyl-CoA decarboxylase by immunocytochemistry, and to determine its developmental changes, the enzyme was purified by an efficient small-scale procedure involving isolation of mitochondria, extraction at high ionic strength, isoelectric focusing, column chromatography, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme from brain showed the same apparent molecular weight (160 kDa) and was immunoreactive with antisera raised against malonyl-CoA decarboxylase from liver. Immunocytochemistry revealed early and extensive labeling of hepatocytes in rat liver but only delayed visualization in the brain. Most nerve cells of the cerebral cortex and many microglia were stained but the neurons of the cerebellar cortex did not become reactive. Golgi epithelial cells and their processes, the Bergmann glia, also showed reaction product.