Arthroscopy of the hip.

Arthroscopy has become an important tool in the hands of orthopedic surgeons during the last decades. The hip joint is difficult to approach because it is located deep within the soft tissues covering it, thus decreasing the maneuverability of the instruments. With modern techniques, however, most of the joint space can be visualized. Today, there are several indications for hip arthroscopy and arthroscopic surgery to this joint. The surgical approach is usually made through 3 portals, one directly anterior, and two 2 cm proximal to the tip of the greater trochanter, one anteriorly and the other posteriorly. With a traction force of between 200 and 400 N applied to the leg, the joint space can be widened 5 to 10 mm, allowing space for visualization and surgical instruments. With good surgical technique, the complications are few, and the procedure produces little postoperative morbidity.