Liposome mediated in vivo gene transfer into different tissues of the gastrointestinal tract.

The possibility to transfer and express genetic material in mammalian cells represents a new approach to the treatment of genetic and acquired disorders. So far, most studies use in vitro techniques to introduce foreign DNA into cultured cells, followed by reintroduction of these genetically altered cells into living organisms. In the present study we demonstrate that the LacZ marker gene can be selectively delivered, by in vivo techniques, to various locations of the gastrointestinal tract. Genetic material was targeted to the stomach, the colon, the liver and the pancreas using cationic liposomes. For transfer into the stomach and colon an intraluminal application, in the liver a portal access and in the pancreas an intraductal infusion was chosen. 48 hours after administration, the LacZ gene product beta-galactosidase could be localized in these tissues by cytochemistry. These experiments suggest a new approach to study gastrointestinal physiology and may offer novel aspects for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.