Fungal infections after renal transplantation.

Fungal infections occurred in 3 of 22 renal transplants (13.6%). Two patients developed rhinocerebral phycomycosis, and Rhizopus arrhizus was isolated from cultures of the nasal conchae. Both patients were treated with systemic amphotericin B. Three-and-a-half months after transplantation the third patient developed an acute ureteral obstruction secondary to infection with Aspergillus nidulans; this necessitated removal of the graft. There was no immediate mortality associated with these fungal infections but there was immediate loss of the grafts in the two patients.