Differentiation and patterning in Dictyostelium.

Dictyostelium development is orchestrated by diffusible signals. Progress has been made in understanding how cAMP signaling triggers post-aggregative development and in defining the number of cell types that eventually differentiate. Ammonia is an unusual signal that may act by alkalinizing acidic vesicles. A chlorinated signal, differentiation-inducing factor (DIF), may be universal amongst the slime moulds. The first genes have been cloned using restriction enzyme mediated integration (REMI) insertional mutagenesis; one encodes a novel cytosolic protein essential for activation of adenylyl cyclase.