Advances in radiation therapy for craniopharyngiomas.

The overall survival for patients with craniopharyngioma is excellent. However, conventional treatments that include aggressive surgery and standard irradiation have been associated with significant morbidity. Focal radiation treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery has a role in selected cases, but may also be damaging to sensitive normal tissues such as the optic chiasm. Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is a technique that allows for conventionally fractionated radiation under stereotactic guidance. Thus, highly focal and precise radiotherapy is now coupled with fractionation, enabling the treatment of selected tumors with a potentially improved therapeutic index. Dose optimization with SRT for focally discrete tumors should result in equivalent local control and survival compared to patients treated with conventional irradiation. We anticipate a significant decrease in late effects, especially neuropsychological and neuroendocrine sequelae.