Early experience of double-lung transplantation with bronchial artery revascularization using mammary artery.

En-bloc double-lung transplantation with tracheal and bronchial revascularization using the left internal mammary artery has been performed in 14 Danish patients. Primary healing of the tracheal anastomosis was observed in 12 patients, in 10 of whom a successful revascularization has been verified by angiography. Two patients have been operated recently and not yet examined by angiography. Mucosal necrosis and subsequent development of bronchial stenosis had to be treated by left-sided pneumonectomy in two patients with failed revascularization. All patients were early survivors (1-14 months). We conclude that bronchial revascularization with the internal mammary artery is possible with an acceptable success rate and is associated with primary healing of the tracheal anastomosis. The impact on long-term results remains to be seen.