Atrophy and maldevelopment of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere after acute subdural hematoma in infants.

Among nine infants aged less than 4 years with acute subdural hematoma admitted between 1980 and 1991, five required evacuation of a hematoma. Eight of them survived longer than 1 month and the remaining patient who had a hematoma removal died 3 days postoperatively. The four infants who required evacuation of a hematoma and survived longer than 1 month had prolonged hemispheric swelling ipsilateral to the hematoma lasting for 2 weeks postoperatively. Intracranial pressure was higher than 25 mm Hg during this period. Diffuse high density was observed in the affected hemisphere in one patient 12 days after injury, which was assumed to be hemorrhagic infarction. Subsequently, these four infants developed atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the hematoma. The pathophysiology of the atrophy of the cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to the acute subdural hematoma is discussed.