Identification of Candida albicans types related to healthy and pathological oral mucosa.

This study comprised 100 healthy dentate adults and 53 patients with either chronic erythematous oral candidosis or oral leukoplakic lesions. The presence of yeasts was determined by microscopical examination of PAS-stained smears and by culture. Biopsy material was obtained from all lesions. The isolated yeasts were identified to species level. Strain phenotypes of 147 Candida albicans isolates were determined on the basis of the ODDS & ABBOTT procedure (25, 26). Yeasts were found in the mouth of healthy dentate individuals both by culture and by smears. The identification of hyphae in healthy mucosa indicates that the presence of these structures is not an unequivocal sign of candidal infection. The results support the view that tobacco smoking may be a predisposing factor for candidal infection. Also, the results have shown an association between the occurrence of yeasts and the type of leukoplakic lesions. Finally, the strain differentiation has indicated an oral mycoflora in patients with candidal lesions disappearing after antimycotic treatment which was more homogeneous in composition than in patients with irreversible lesions; furthermore, certain strains may possess properties which may be important in the development of pathological conditions and premalignant changes.