Reduction and augmentation mammoplasty.

Women seek reduction mammoplasty for alleviation of their symptoms of mammary hypertrophy, which may include upper back and neck pain, strain, or muscle spasm. Many of these women also desire an improvement in their appearance. Augmentation mammoplasty is sought by women for enlargement of the breasts and to attain a well-proportioned figure. Women who have experienced postpartum involution of the breasts request augmentation mammoplasty to regain the size and shape of their breasts prior to pregnancy. The historical background of these procedures, preoperative evaluation, and technical considerations are presented.