OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a mucosal cytokine-mediated inflammatory response is involved in cryptosporidial or microsporidial diarrhoea, as well as in diarrhoea of unknown origin in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Jejunal biopsies were obtained from HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea. Controls were HIV-infected and HIV-seronegative patients without diarrhoea. Two biopsies were homogenized immediately and two other biopsies were first cultured for 20 h. Cytokines [tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10], soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) p55 and p75, and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were assessed in the homogenates and in the supernatants by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent or enzyme-linked binding assays. The cytokine receptors were also measured in serum. RESULTS: Six HIV-infected patients with cryptosporidiosis, six with microsporidiosis, seven with diarrhoea of unknown origin, seven without diarrhoea, and seven HIV-seronegative patients were eligible. Four patients were excluded because of the presence of other pathogens. No cytokines were detected in immediately homogenized jejunal tissue. Following culture, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were higher in HIV-infected patients with diarrhoea of unknown origin than in HIV-seronegative controls without diarrhoea, although this was not statistically significant. No differences in serum or post-culture supernatant sTNFR p55 and p75 levels existed between the HIV-infected patients with or without diarrhoea. sTNFR, IL-1 beta, IL-10 and the sIL-2R were only detected in low amounts or not at all, and were equally distributed among all patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that mucosal cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses do not play an important role in the pathogenesis of different types of diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients. These results do not support the use of immunomodulatory therapy in these patients.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a mucosal cytokine-mediated inflammatory response is involved in cryptosporidial or microsporidial diarrhoea, as well as in diarrhoea of unknown origin in HIV-infectedpatients. DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Jejunal biopsies were obtained from HIV-infectedpatients with diarrhoea. Controls were HIV-infected and HIV-seronegative patients without diarrhoea. Two biopsies were homogenized immediately and two other biopsies were first cultured for 20 h. Cytokines [tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10], soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR) p55 and p75, and soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were assessed in the homogenates and in the supernatants by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent or enzyme-linked binding assays. The cytokine receptors were also measured in serum. RESULTS: Six HIV-infectedpatients with cryptosporidiosis, six with microsporidiosis, seven with diarrhoea of unknown origin, seven without diarrhoea, and seven HIV-seronegative patients were eligible. Four patients were excluded because of the presence of other pathogens. No cytokines were detected in immediately homogenized jejunal tissue. Following culture, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were higher in HIV-infectedpatients with diarrhoea of unknown origin than in HIV-seronegative controls without diarrhoea, although this was not statistically significant. No differences in serum or post-culture supernatant sTNFR p55 and p75 levels existed between the HIV-infectedpatients with or without diarrhoea. sTNFR, IL-1 beta, IL-10 and the sIL-2R were only detected in low amounts or not at all, and were equally distributed among all patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that mucosal cytokine-mediated inflammatory responses do not play an important role in the pathogenesis of different types of diarrhoea in HIV-infectedpatients. These results do not support the use of immunomodulatory therapy in these patients.
Authors: P A Batman; M S Kapembwa; A R Miller; P M Sedgwick; S Lucas; N K Sewankambo; D Serwadda; J Pudney; A Moody; J R Harris; G E Griffin Journal: Gut Date: 1998-09 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: P Kelly; S E Davies; B Mandanda; A Veitch; G McPhail; I Zulu; F Drobniewski; D Fuchs; C Summerbell; N P Luo; J O Pobee; M J Farthing Journal: Gut Date: 1997-12 Impact factor: 23.059
Authors: D Reijasse; N Patey-Mariaud de Serre; D Canioni; M Huerre; E Haddad; M Leborgne; S Blanche; N Brousse Journal: J Clin Pathol Date: 2001-04 Impact factor: 3.411
Authors: Aisha Nazli; Olivia Chan; Wendy N Dobson-Belaire; Michel Ouellet; Michel J Tremblay; Scott D Gray-Owen; A Larry Arsenault; Charu Kaushic Journal: PLoS Pathog Date: 2010-04-08 Impact factor: 6.823