Copper-associated hepatopathies in dogs.

Copper-associated hepatotoxicity in certain breeds has been identified for almost 20 years, and the list of affected breeds is growing. The importance for copper analysis of liver specimens is emphasized by the realization that copper accumulation occurs in many hepatic disease states, and it may become pathologic. Many treatment possibilities exist. It is important that therapy be tailored to the needs of the animal and the severity of accumulation. To determine efficacy of treatment and when an endpoint has been reached, follow-up liver biopsies are essential.