Inheritance of histiocytosis in Bernese mountain dogs.

One hundred and twenty-seven cases of histiocytosis in Bernese mountain dogs (BMD) were evaluated to determine if the tumour is inherited. Family data ruled out autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and sex-linked modes of inheritance. The trait was determined to be inherited with a polygenic mode of inheritance. The salient points permitting this conclusion are: pedigrees developed from independently selected propositi link up allowing the tracing of all cases through several generations; multiple cases occur in the same litter; multiple cases have been produced by given dams and sires; there is a higher frequency of the disease among offspring of affected parents when compared to offspring of normal parents that produced histiocytosis and all offspring in the general population of BMDs; the fact that histiocytosis is common in BMDs and rare in eight other breeds and accounts for 25.4 per cent of the 500 tumours studied in this breed. The heritability of this trait was calculated to be 0.298.