Effects of cisapride on gallbladder emptying and pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin release in humans.

We investigated the effects of cisapride on gallbladder motility and on the release of pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin in the fasting and postprandial states. Cisapride (7.5 mg) and/or a test meal was administered intraduodenally to seven healthy volunteers with or without atropine pretreatment (0.5 mg, i.m.). In the fasting state, cisapride increased gallbladder volume to 154% of the basal level, and significantly elevated plasma pancreatic polypeptide levels. The effects of cisapride were inhibited by atropine. In the postprandial state, integrated pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin responses were increased by cisapride to 180% and 192%, respectively, of control values. Atropine inhibited the integrated gallbladder and pancreatic polypeptide response to about 60% of the control value, but did not affect the cholecystokinin response. These observations suggest that: (1) fasting gallbladder tone is influenced by cholinergic inhibitory mechanisms, (2) acetylcholine (ACh) is the final mediator for about 40% of the postprandial gallbladder emptying and pancreatic polypeptide response, and (3) coordination between the ACh-independent cholecystokinin response and ACh-dependent pancreatic polypeptide response may be important in the regulation of postprandial gallbladder emptying.