Sulfide-induced perturbations of the neuronal mechanisms controlling breathing in rats.

The effects of sulfide on neonatal rat respiration were studied. Two in vitro experimental models were utilized: the isolated brain stem-spinal cord preparation and the medullary slice preparation containing respiratory rhythm-generating regions from neonatal rats. Plethysmographic measurements of the effects of sulfide on the breathing patterns of unanesthetized neonatal rats were also made to compare the sensitivities of neonatal and adult rats to sulfide toxicity. In vitro, sulfide acted at sites within the ventrolateral medulla to depress the frequency of respiratory rhythmic discharge by approximately 50-60%. However, the neuronal network underlying respiratory rhythmogenesis continued to function in the presence of concentrations of sulfide far beyond those deemed to be lethal in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of sulfide caused a dose-dependent decrease in the frequency and amplitude of breathing of neonatal rats of all ages (0-19 days postnatal), although the sensitivity to sulfide increased with age. We hypothesize that the rapid suppression of breathing caused by sulfide is due to changes in neuronal excitability within respiratory rhythm-generating centers rather than, as previously hypothesized, to perturbations of cellular oxidative metabolism.