Plant uptake of fluoride in irrigation water by ladyfinger (Abelmorchus esculentus).

Because of suggestions that food is a rich source of fluoride to humans and the absence of permissible and upper limits of fluoride for irrigation water, plant uptake studies were conducted using fluoride-rich irrigation water. Ladyfinger was grown in sand and soil cultures for 18 wk and the accumulation of fluoride in various plant parts was studied. The potential for ingestion of fluoride by humans through this route was also considered. The percentage uptake was greater in sand-cultured plants than in soil-cultured plants. The root accumulates most of the fluoride supplied through irrigation water and the fruit accumulates the least. Up to 120 mg fluoride/litre of irrigation water did not harm the plants. The ingestion of fluoride by humans from plants irrigated with water containing 10 mg fluoride/litre would be 0.20 mg per 100 g ladyfinger.