The cardiopulmonary cost of backward walking at selected speeds.

Backward walking has been advocated as a method of maintaining cardiovascular conditioning in patients undergoing knee rehabilitation because it may decrease patellofemoral joint compressive forces. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) and backward walking speed. Twenty-five healthy males, aged 18-35 years, participated in this study. The rate of oxygen consumption and heart rate were measured at the backward walking speeds of 0.89, 1.12, 1.34, 1.56, and 1.79 m/sec (2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 miles/hour, respectively). Analysis revealed a direct, curvilinear relationship between VO2 and backward walking speed. This research provides information that can be used to prescribe a backward walking rehabilitation program which may be appropriate to maintain aerobic fitness levels during rehabilitation of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.