Pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of older persons that eventually leads to disability. It is characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Progressive stages can be identified, each with unique problems. The optimal management of Parkinson's disease requires multiple professionals to address the needs of the patients as well as those of the caregivers. In addition to pharmacologic management, patients with Parkinson's disease can benefit from physical intervention and psychological support. This article summarizes strategies incorporating the multiple disciplines for each stage of the disease. [Cutson TM, Laub KC, Schenkman M. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.