OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the correlation between birth weight and hormones or growth factors believed to be involved in fetal growth: insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1. STUDY DESIGN: Five hundred thirty-eight cord serum samples were analyzed for insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor-II, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 by immunoassay. Samples included all gestational ages in the third trimester and a large range of birth weights. RESULTS: Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations increased until 39 weeks (+84% from 28 to 29 weeks), followed by a 21% decline at 41 weeks. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were decreased by 40% in small-for-gestational-age (< 10th percentile) newborns and were increased by 28% in large-for-gestational-age (> 90th percentile) newborns in the absence of diabetes. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were best correlated with birth weight (R = 0.48, p < 0.001). Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-II concentrations were sixfold to tenfold higher than those of insulin-like growth factor-I and were 8% to 10% (p < 0.001) higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-weight and small-for-gestational-age newborns. Cord serum C-peptide concentrations were 28% and 34% higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age newborns, respectively. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels were increased in preterm average-for-gestational-age and in term small-for-gestational-age newborns compared with term average-for-gestational-age newborns and showed a negative correlation with birth weight (R = -0.43, n = 131, p < 0.001). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 was not correlated with C-peptide concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin-like growth factors I and II and insulin are all related to fetal growth and weight gain, and insulin-like growth factor-I correlates best with birth weight. Insulin is mainly related to fetal overgrowth (macrosomia). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 may be a growth inhibitor in the fetus.
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the correlation between birth weight and hormones or growth factors believed to be involved in fetal growth: insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1. STUDY DESIGN: Five hundred thirty-eight cord serum samples were analyzed for insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor-II, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 by immunoassay. Samples included all gestational ages in the third trimester and a large range of birth weights. RESULTS: Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations increased until 39 weeks (+84% from 28 to 29 weeks), followed by a 21% decline at 41 weeks. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were decreased by 40% in small-for-gestational-age (< 10th percentile) newborns and were increased by 28% in large-for-gestational-age (> 90th percentile) newborns in the absence of diabetes. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were best correlated with birth weight (R = 0.48, p < 0.001). Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-II concentrations were sixfold to tenfold higher than those of insulin-like growth factor-I and were 8% to 10% (p < 0.001) higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-weight and small-for-gestational-age newborns. Cord serum C-peptide concentrations were 28% and 34% higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age newborns, respectively. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels were increased in preterm average-for-gestational-age and in term small-for-gestational-age newborns compared with term average-for-gestational-age newborns and showed a negative correlation with birth weight (R = -0.43, n = 131, p < 0.001). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 was not correlated with C-peptide concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:Insulin-like growth factors I and II and insulin are all related to fetal growth and weight gain, and insulin-like growth factor-I correlates best with birth weight. Insulin is mainly related to fetal overgrowth (macrosomia). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 may be a growth inhibitor in the fetus.
Authors: Shaina L Stacy; Jeanine M Buchanich; Zhen-Qiang Ma; Christina Mair; Linda Robertson; Ravi K Sharma; Evelyn O Talbott; Jian-Min Yuan Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2019-08-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Tim Van Mieghem; Rita van Bree; Erik Van Herck; Jan Deprest; Johan Verhaeghe Journal: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Date: 2009-09-23 Impact factor: 3.619
Authors: S I Tazuke; N M Mazure; J Sugawara; G Carland; G H Faessen; L F Suen; J C Irwin; D R Powell; A J Giaccia; L C Giudice Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1998-08-18 Impact factor: 11.205