Cross cultural communication of tetanus vaccinations in Bolivia.

Although neonatal tetanus (NNT) is common in developing countries, many people are unaware of its causes and prevention. A study analyzed cultural beliefs and practices to understand how people in three cultural areas in Bolivia (Aymara, Quechua and Tupi-Guarani) think about NNT and tetanus toxoid (TT) immunizations. In all three cultural areas NNT is perceived within a magical and biological framework that involves alternative healing systems and healers. Tetanus immunization programs could be more successful if tetanus were a clearly marked target for the Aymara, Quechua and Tupi-Guarani people, and vaccinators were sensitive to their cultural perceptions. Health workers need to communicate cross-culturally the relationship of TT vaccinations to how members of these ethnic groups perceive NNT.