Superficial and deep cervical plexus block: technical considerations.

Regional anesthetic block of the cervical plexus is a safe and useful alternative to general endotracheal anesthesia for surgery of the neck, upper shoulder, and occipital scalp area. The sensory component of the cervical plexus can be blocked separately and easily by a superficial cervical plexus block. Both motor and sensory block can be obtained by deep cervical plexus block. Minor transient side effects are common to deep cervical plexus blocks, but they are rarely of any consequence. Recent years have seen an increase in interest in the use of the cervical plexus block, because its popularity for surgical procedures such as carotid endarterectomies has grown. An understanding of the anatomy and principles of this anesthetic technique will enable the clinician to offer the patient and surgeon an important anesthetic option.