Morphine cross-reacts with somatostatin receptor SSTR2 in the T47D human breast cancer cell line and decreases cell growth.

In a previous study, we found that morphine decreases, in a dose-dependent manner, the cell growth of T47D human breast cancer cells, despite the lack of mu opioid receptors and an interaction of morphine with other opioid sites. We have therefore examined a possible interaction of morphine with other membrane receptor systems of the cell. The present study describes for the first time an interaction between mu-acting opioid drugs and the somatostatinergic system. We have found that [125I]Tyr11-somatostatin binds with high affinity to T47D cells. Analysis of the binding data showed the presence of two components: one with high affinity but low capacity (Kd, 0.145 nM; 1450 sites/cell), and another of lower affinity but higher capacity (Kd, 1.192 nM; 11920 sites/cell). Somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 showed multiphasic displacement curves, indicating heterogeneity of binding sites. The latter was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR, which revealed the existence of the somatostatin receptor subtypes 2 and 3 (SSTR2 and SSTR3), with a relative mRNA concentration of 85 and 15%, respectively. Morphine and the morphinomimetic peptide morphiceptine (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-NH2) displace somatostatin from its binding sites. Further analysis indicated that mu-acting opioids interact with the SSTR2 receptor subtype.