BACKGROUND: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-5 or IL-8 have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation in bronchial asthma or neutrophilic airway inflammation in chronic bronchitis, respectively, However, GM-CSF and IL-8 have biological activities to either eosinophils or neutrophils. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contribution of these cytokines to airway inflammation, we compared the cellular differential and immunolocalization of GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-8 in sputum cells from patients with bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. METHODS: Cytospins of sputum cells from 12 patients with bronchial asthma and 12 with chronic bronchitis were subjected to cellular differential counting and immuno-cytochemistry with anti-human GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-8 antibody. RESULTS: The predominant cells in bronchial asthma were eosinophils and lymphocytes, while those in chronic bronchitis were neutrophils. All cytokines examined were detected in either bronchial asthma or chronic bronchitis, although the percentage of GM-CSF and Il-5 positive cells in bronchial asthma (53.4 +/- 6.0 [mean +/- SEM]% and 9.7 +/- 2.8%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in chronic bronchitis (11.4 +/- 2.5%; P < 0.001 and 1.7 +/- 0.3%; P < 0.007, respectively). In contrast, the percentage of IL-8 positive cells in chronic bronchitis (23.8 +/- 7.0%) was significantly higher than that in bronchial asthma (7.& +/- 1.9%; P < 0.04). The cells positive for IL-5 were lymphocytes in bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The cells positive for GM-CSF in bronchial asthma were predominantly eosinophils, while those in chronic bronchitis were monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. In contrast, neutrophils are mainly positive for IL-8 in chronic bronchitis, while monocytes/macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells are positive for IL-8 in bronchial asthma. CONCLUSION: The immunochemical comparison of GM-CSF and IL-8 localization in sputum cells between bronchial asthma/chronic bronchitis suggests the differential regulation and roles of these cytokines in eosinophilic vs neutrophilic airway inflammation, resulting in the development of different types of airway inflammation.
BACKGROUND:Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-5 or IL-8 have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation in bronchial asthma or neutrophilic airway inflammation in chronic bronchitis, respectively, However, GM-CSF and IL-8 have biological activities to either eosinophils or neutrophils. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contribution of these cytokines to airway inflammation, we compared the cellular differential and immunolocalization of GM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-8 in sputum cells from patients with bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. METHODS: Cytospins of sputum cells from 12 patients with bronchial asthma and 12 with chronic bronchitis were subjected to cellular differential counting and immuno-cytochemistry with anti-humanGM-CSF, IL-5 and IL-8 antibody. RESULTS: The predominant cells in bronchial asthma were eosinophils and lymphocytes, while those in chronic bronchitis were neutrophils. All cytokines examined were detected in either bronchial asthma or chronic bronchitis, although the percentage of GM-CSF and Il-5 positive cells in bronchial asthma (53.4 +/- 6.0 [mean +/- SEM]% and 9.7 +/- 2.8%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in chronic bronchitis (11.4 +/- 2.5%; P < 0.001 and 1.7 +/- 0.3%; P < 0.007, respectively). In contrast, the percentage of IL-8 positive cells in chronic bronchitis (23.8 +/- 7.0%) was significantly higher than that in bronchial asthma (7.& +/- 1.9%; P < 0.04). The cells positive for IL-5 were lymphocytes in bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The cells positive for GM-CSF in bronchial asthma were predominantly eosinophils, while those in chronic bronchitis were monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. In contrast, neutrophils are mainly positive for IL-8 in chronic bronchitis, while monocytes/macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells are positive for IL-8 in bronchial asthma. CONCLUSION: The immunochemical comparison of GM-CSF and IL-8 localization in sputum cells between bronchial asthma/chronic bronchitis suggests the differential regulation and roles of these cytokines in eosinophilic vs neutrophilic airway inflammation, resulting in the development of different types of airway inflammation.
Authors: G Caramori; M Romagnoli; P Casolari; C Bellettato; G Casoni; P Boschetto; K F Chung; P J Barnes; I M Adcock; A Ciaccia; L M Fabbri; A Papi Journal: Thorax Date: 2003-04 Impact factor: 9.139
Authors: Daniela F Quail; Oakley C Olson; Priya Bhardwaj; Logan A Walsh; Leila Akkari; Marsha L Quick; I-Chun Chen; Nils Wendel; Nir Ben-Chetrit; Jeanne Walker; Peter R Holt; Andrew J Dannenberg; Johanna A Joyce Journal: Nat Cell Biol Date: 2017-07-24 Impact factor: 28.824
Authors: N Iwase; T Sasaki; S Shimura; T Fushimi; H Okayama; H Hoshi; T Irokawa; K Sasamori; K Takahashi; K Shirato Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 1997-04-01 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Weilie Ma; Paul J Bryce; Alison A Humbles; Dhafer Laouini; Ali Yalcindag; Harri Alenius; Daniel S Friend; Hans C Oettgen; Craig Gerard; Raif S Geha Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2002-03 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Jodie L Simpson; Terry V Grissell; Jeroen Douwes; Rodney J Scott; Michael J Boyle; Peter G Gibson Journal: Thorax Date: 2006-07-14 Impact factor: 9.139
Authors: Hae Yun Nam; Eun-Kyung Ahn; Hyung Jung Kim; Young Lim; Chun Beoun Lee; Kyo Young Lee; Val Vallyathan Journal: Part Fibre Toxicol Date: 2006-05-25 Impact factor: 9.400