Osteopontin expression detected in adult cochleae and inner ear fluids.

Localization of protein epitopes and mRNA expression showed that there was a wide-spread distribution of osteopontin (OPN) within the membranous labyrinth of the adult mammalian cochleae. Immunoreaction product and mRNA were found within the stria vascularis, VIIIth cranial nerve, spiral ligament and limbus. Only specific cell types within these regions contained abundant OPN mRNA or protein, the main cell type being fibrocytes that populate the spiral limbus and spiral ligament. Epithelial cells that line the luminal surface of the stria vascularis (marginal cells) and neurons that compose the vestibular and auditory ganglia also showed high opn expression. The pattern of anti-OPN staining within membranous labyrinth was comparable to that observed in tissues such as gall bladder, breast and kidney. In those tissues, luminal epithelial cells, corresponding to the marginal cells of the stria vascularis, may be responsible for manufacturing and secreting OPN into the luminal fluids. consistent with those observations, we detected OPN epitopes in cochlear fluids withdrawn from the scalae media and tympani of the cochlea. We found that the protein species in cochlear fluid differed from those present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggesting that OPN exists in tissue-specific isoforms that may correspond to particular cellular functions.