Injury risk factors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Processes related to injury in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were examined. Two groups of 7-11-year-old boys (14 ADHD and 16 controls) watched a videotape simulating play activities in order for them to identify risky behaviors and then answered questions about risky scenes. Groups did not differ in ability to identify hazards, but children with ADHD anticipated less severe consequences following risky behavior and reported fewer active methods of preventing injury than did controls. Cognitive factors, including lower expectations of personal risk in hazardous situations and less ability to generate prevention strategies and safety rules, may contribute to increased injury liability in boys with ADHD.