Oxytocin to induce labor.

Oxytocin is a highly successful and safe agent for inducing labor and has a fairly large therapeutic index. It has, however, minimal, but not trivial, antidiuretic and vascular activity when used in large doses. Therefore, to induce labor, low-dose oxytocin dosing regimens that produce efficacious uterine activity and avoid side effects are recommended. Oxytocin should be used in the lowest possible doses necessary to effect a clinical response. Diligence must be exercised when monitoring labor and fetal well-being. Hofbauer, the first to use oxytocin to induce labor, said in 1927 that oxytocin, "with its power of producing regular, rhythmical and forcible uterine contractions, should be regarded as a most beneficent and valuable agent, which, however, should always be employed with care and a realisation of its limitations and dangers." His words remain valid today.