Group processes of decision making for hospital-based technology assessment committees.

There are a variety of group-judgment methods to resolve controversial issues in health care. Meta-analysis and group judgment methods such as consensus conferences are attempts to bring diverse elements of information together for synthesis. Leape notes that a significant body of literature exists regarding the techniques used to elicit opinions from groups. Organizational structures and functions of groups vary in terms of the natures of interactions among group members and the manners in which final conclusions are reached and expressed. The introduction of the process of technology assessment into the hospital setting introduces a problem inherent in the introduction of somewhat academic processes into the operational real world of interpersonal relations, administrative and medical staff interactions, staff costs, and institutional priorities. Hospital administrative processes are based on the committee approach. Medical staff credentialing, drug formularies, and administrative policies are all developed, approved, and implemented through committees. It would seem logical that if technology assessment is to be effective in the hospital setting, then those same group decision processes inherent in committees should be used in technology assessment. Relatedly, if technology assessment is to be successful in the hospital setting, then how can the limited resources of hospital-based staff be best utilized to carry through the assessment of elected technologies? This paper discusses group decision processes, particularly as they relate to technology assessment. The processes of particular interest are those that focus on group interactions rather than theory-based decision processes. The purpose for the paper is to provide to clinical engineering management and senior hospital management background information to use in the formulation of the operating parameters of a hospital-based technology assessment committee.