A targeted mutagenesis system for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

We describe methods for the mutagenesis of cloned Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (Ap) genes and for the construction of Ap mutants by allelic exchange. We used these methods to construct isogenic mutants of Ap which no longer synthesized a 48-kDa outer membrane protein (AopA). The native aopA locus was replaced with a mutated locus that had been inactivated by insertion of a gene (KmR) encoding kanamycin resistance from Tn903. The inactivated aopA locus was cloned into a conjugative, R6K-derived, lambda pir-dependent suicide vector and introduced into Ap using a filtermating technique. Southern and Western blot analyses indicated that the wild-type locus was replaced by the mutated locus through either single- or double-crossover events, and that AopA was no longer produced by either type of mutant. These methods were used successfully to construct AopA- mutants in Ap serotypes 1 and 5. These methods should be generally useful in constructing mutant loci which can be used to analyze the roles of various Ap genes in the pathogenesis of contagious pleuropneumonia in swine.