OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary supplementation with fish oil adversely affects glycemic control in patients with hypertension. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PATIENTS: 78 persons with untreated hypertension recruited from a population survey. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned to receive eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, 4 g/d, or corn oil placebo, 4 g/d, for 16 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: An oral glucose tolerance test; assessments of insulin release, glucose disposal, and insulin sensitivity done using the hyperglycemic clamp technique to keep plasma glucose levels at 10 mmol/L for 180 minutes; assessment of insulin sensitivity done using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (infusing insulin and glucose to keep plasma glucose levels at 5 mmol/L); assessments of lipid levels and blood pressure. Measurements were done before and after intervention. RESULTS: Changes in integrated glucose and insulin response after the oral glucose challenge did not differ between the fish oil and corn oil groups after intervention (-0.6 +/- 0.7 compared with -1.0 +/- 0.6 mmol/L [P > 0.3] for integrated glucose and 143 +/- 76 compared with 169 +/- 84 pmol/L [P > 0.3] for insulin response). Changes in first-phase insulin release (34 +/- 72 pmol/L in the fish oil group compared with 191 +/- 112 pmol/L in the corn oil group [P > 0.3]), second-phase insulin release (179 +/- 66 pmol/L compared with 257 +/- 122 pmol/L [P > 0.3]), and insulin sensitivity index (-0.03 +/- 0.01 compared with -0.01 +/- 0.01 [mumol/kg.min divided by pmol/L]; P > 0.3) were also similar in both groups after treatment. Fish oil lowered systolic blood pressure by 3.8 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.04) and lowered diastolic blood pressure by 2.0 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.10). After fish oil treatment, triglyceride levels decreased by 0.28 +/- 0.08 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 0.13 +/- 0.04 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION:Fish oil, in doses that reduce blood pressure and lipid levels in hypertensive persons, does not adversely affect glucose metabolism.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dietary supplementation with fish oil adversely affects glycemic control in patients with hypertension. DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. PATIENTS: 78 persons with untreated hypertension recruited from a population survey. INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned to receive eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, 4 g/d, or corn oil placebo, 4 g/d, for 16 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: An oral glucose tolerance test; assessments of insulin release, glucose disposal, and insulin sensitivity done using the hyperglycemic clamp technique to keep plasma glucose levels at 10 mmol/L for 180 minutes; assessment of insulin sensitivity done using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (infusing insulin and glucose to keep plasma glucose levels at 5 mmol/L); assessments of lipid levels and blood pressure. Measurements were done before and after intervention. RESULTS: Changes in integrated glucose and insulin response after the oral glucose challenge did not differ between the fish oil and corn oil groups after intervention (-0.6 +/- 0.7 compared with -1.0 +/- 0.6 mmol/L [P > 0.3] for integrated glucose and 143 +/- 76 compared with 169 +/- 84 pmol/L [P > 0.3] for insulin response). Changes in first-phase insulin release (34 +/- 72 pmol/L in the fish oil group compared with 191 +/- 112 pmol/L in the corn oil group [P > 0.3]), second-phase insulin release (179 +/- 66 pmol/L compared with 257 +/- 122 pmol/L [P > 0.3]), and insulin sensitivity index (-0.03 +/- 0.01 compared with -0.01 +/- 0.01 [mumol/kg.min divided by pmol/L]; P > 0.3) were also similar in both groups after treatment. Fish oil lowered systolic blood pressure by 3.8 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.04) and lowered diastolic blood pressure by 2.0 mm Hg more than control (P = 0.10). After fish oil treatment, triglyceride levels decreased by 0.28 +/- 0.08 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 0.13 +/- 0.04 mmol/L more than control (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Fish oil, in doses that reduce blood pressure and lipid levels in hypertensivepersons, does not adversely affect glucose metabolism.
Authors: Elani F Wiest; Mary T Walsh-Wilcox; Michael Rothe; Wolf-Hagen Schunck; Mary K Walker Journal: Toxicol Sci Date: 2016-08-04 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Manas Kaushik; Dariush Mozaffarian; Donna Spiegelman; JoAnn E Manson; Walter C Willett; Frank B Hu Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2009-07-22 Impact factor: 7.045