Phasic vagal influence on inspiratory motor output in anesthetized human subjects.

Vagal influence on inspiratory motor output was assessed in 20 normal subjects and in 12 patients with respiratory disorders under enflurane anethesia using the method of airway occlusion. The change in inspiratory duration during occlusion (delta TI) was measured from mechanical parameters (respiratory flow and tracheal pressure). In eight of the subjects, however, the effect of occlusion and augmentation of tidal volume was further evaluated from diaphragmatic electromyogram. In normal subjects delta TI (mechanical) averaged 0.15 s (range -0.1 to +0.77 s) and correlated with the duration of inspiration during occlusion. Electromyographic observations indicated that the change in neural TI exceeds the change in mechanical TI by approximately 0.2 s and that augmentation of tidal volume shortens TI with no apparent volume threshold. There was a tendency for vagal influence to be higher with restrictive lung disease and lower with obstructive airway disease. These observations indicate that a majority of humans display a significant vagal influence on TI in the spontaneous tidal volume range under anesthesia.