Hyperparathyroidism in nephrolithiasis.

We found primary hyperparathyroidism in 56 of 1,132 consecutive patients with nephrolithiasis. We describe 48 of these patients who have undergone curative parathyroidectomy. Thirty of the 48 patients had extremely mild hypercalcemia (serum calcium level, 10.15 to 10.95 mg/dL), often accompanied by very substantial hypercalciuria. Stone disease was of equal severity in these 30 patients and in the 18 with more pronounced hypercalcemia (serum calcium level above 11 mg/dL). In all 48 patients, recurrent stone formation was virtually abolished by parathyroidectomy.