Effects of human complement component 1 inactivator on neutrophil chemotaxis and chemotactic deactivation.

This study was undertaken to ascertain the relationship between complement-derived chemotactic factors and complement component 1 inactivator (C1INA) enhancement of neutrophil chemotaxis. Studies were also designed to determine whether the C1s- reactive or binding site on C1INA was functional in altering chemotactic responsiveness of neutrophilic leukocyes. Chemotaxis was assessed by determining cell migration in micropore filters. C1INA was found to enhance the chemotactic response to zymosan-activated plasma, C5a, and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanine and to bring the response of chemotactically deactivated cells to normal. In contrast, C1INA inhibited the chemotactic response to trypsin and EAC4oxy2-activated C3. Complexes of C1INA and C1s- failed to mediate the usual C1INA-enhanced response. Artificially produced C5-deficient plasma, when treated with zymosan, failed to support chemotaxis or to produce chemotactic deactivation. C1INA was without effect when this activated plasma was used as a source of chemotactic factors. We conclude from these data that C1INA enhancement of neutrophil chemotaxis to activated plasma is associated with C5-derived chemotactic fragments. The effects of C1INA are apparently related to the C1s- reactive or binding site(s) on the C1INA molecule. We suggest that C1INA may play a homeostatic role in neutrophil chemotaxis.