Screening tests for detection of bladder cancer.

Eighty-one individuals had urine cytologic studies, urinary carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determinations, and urinary immunoglobulin levels performed to evaluate various screening tests for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Urinary cytologic studies detect the presence of bladder malignancy, and while false positive tests were troublesome, remain the primary screening test for bladder cancer. Urinary CEA was of little value in detecting vesical malignancy. Urinary immunoglobulins, particularly IGG and IGA, were significantly elevated in the presence of bladder cancer.