Sensitivity to emotional expressions and situations in organic patients.

While numerous lines of investigation indicate the pivotal role of the right hemisphere in the apprehension and processing of emotional information, the specific contributions of facial recognition, other visual-spatial capacities, and a general understanding of emotionally-toned situations remains to be delineated. To secure information on the contributions of these various factors, matched groups of brain-damaged patients were required in a series of tests to match with one another faces of the same individual, facial expressions, pictorial versions of emotional situations, and linguistic versions of emotional situations. While patients with left-hemisphere damage evinced special difficulty with linguistically-presented stimuli, patients with right hemisphere damage exhibited an across-the-board reduction in emotional sensitivity, one not restricted to stimuli presented in the visual modality. In addition, right hemisphere patients also displayed a selective tendency to group together emotions of an opposite polarity (positively-toned with negatively-toned emotions). These results suggest that, in addition to its general importance in a range of emotional tasks, the right hemisphere is crucial for an appreciation of the structural relations which obtain among various emotions.