The proximal interphalangeal joint volar plate. I. An anatomical and biomechanical study.

The anatomy and biomechanics of the volar plate are reviewed. From a study of 60 fresh adult specimens, the authors present a consolidated anatomic concept of this structure, emphasizing the distinctiveness of the proximal attachments, the variable nature of the distal attachments, and the complex relationships to the flexor sheaths, the vincula, and the collateral ligaments. Experimental biomechanical data suggest that the nature and site of injury to this structure is dependent on the rate of application of force: rapid rates produce rupture at the distal attachment, slow rates attenuate the proximal check ligaments.