Three types of reticular neurons involved in the spino-bulbo-spinal reflex of cats.

Reticular neuron activity was recorded in 28 chloralosed cats in order to analyze the reflex arc of the spino-bulbo-spinal (SBS) reflex. Three types of reticular neurons, types I (input), II(output) and III (relay), were identified by unit discharges in response to stimulation of the sural nerve. (1) Type I (input) neurons received spinal ascending volleys monosynaptically and responded to stimulation of the sural nerve with spikes of low amplitude and short latency. Unit spikes, however, were not produced by stimulation of the superficial radial nerve and the sensorimotor cortex. These input neurons were located in the dorsocaudal part of the medial bulbar reticular formation. (2) Type II (output) neurons were part of the reticulospinal tract, which sends axons to the spinal cord, since these neurons exhibited antidromic spikes following stimulation of the ventrolateral funiculus of the spinal cord. Unit spikes were evoked by stimulation either to the sural or superficial radial nerves. These neurons were located in the ventrocaudal part of the medial bulbar reticular formation. (3) Type III neurons included relay neurons. Unit spikes were evoked by stimulation of the sural nerve, superficial radial nerve and sensorimotor cortex. However, unit discharges were not obtained by antidromic stimulation to the reticulospinal tract. These neurons were distributed widely in the brain stem, both in the bulb and pons. (4) Latency difference of unit discharges between input and output neurons was 3.5--5 msec, indicating the presence of interneurons (relays) between input and output neurons. Spikes of output neurons with 3.8--4.2 msec latency were observed following stimulation of the region where input neuron activity was found. We may conclude that three kinds of reticular neurons, input, relay and output, were involved in pathways of the SBS reflex.