Vinyl chloride: inhalation teratology study in mice, rats and rabbits.

These studies evaluated the effects of inhaled vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) on mouse, rat and rabbit embryonal and fetal development. Groups of pregnant CF-1 mice, Sprague-Dawley rats and New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 500 ppm VCM for 7 hr daily during the period of major organogenesis. Subsequently, other groups of mice were similarly exposed to 50 ppm VCM, and rats and rabbits were exposed to 2500 ppm. While maternal toxicity was observed, exposure to VCM did not cause significant embryonal or fetal toxicity and was not teratogenic in any of the three species at the concentrations tested. Simultaneous exposure of some of the pregnant animals to VCM by inhalation plus 15% ethanol in the drinking water resulted in toxic effects greater than those associated with exposure to VCM alone in the three species. The fetal effects observed were similar to those reported for these three species following administration of ethanol without VCM exposure.