Advances in intraoperative renal radiography: 3-dimensional radiography of the kidney.

A renal contact chassis that allows for the discovery of the smallest calculi and calcifications is described. The corrected images are far superior to commercially available plates and there is less radiation exposure to the patient and staff of the operating room. The bases have been established for intraoperative, 3-dimensional radiographic exploration of the kidney, which presently has not been achieved and is no doubt of great significance in operations for lithiasis. The technique represents a decisive aid for the intraoperative localization of residual calculi that allows for complete removal with a minimum of trauma to the kidney.