Relative halothane accumulation in brain subcellular membranes in vitro.

The accumulation of halothane in brain homogenates was compared with halothane accumulation in brain during inhalation at anesthetic and subanesthetic levels. Anesthesia is achieved at a tissue concentration well below the halothane solubility in brain tissue. Analysis of halothane in the particulate solids of brain homogenate and in purified subcellular membranes indicates that a membrane constituent (presumably the lipids) acts as an ideal solvent in which halothane is fully miscible. Therefore, membranes offer a local microenvironment in which halothane accumulation deviates from Henry's law. Specifically, we observe that even slight increases of halothane in a saline medium result in a relatively large increase in the concentration of halothane in subcellular membranes suspended in the medium, eventually leading to solvation of the membrane in halothane. This observation offers a ready explanation for the high degree of positive correlation between MAC and lipid solubility and the small difference between anesthetic and lethal concentrations of halothane during inhalation. The rate of halothane increase in myelin exceeded the rate in other brain subcellular membranes, indicating that a major site of halothane localization is within this subcellular membrane.